Risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection by Respiratory Syncytial Virus among children under 2 years of age in a hospital in Venezuela
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58597/rpe.v4i2.102Keywords:
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Infections, Breastfeeding, Family Medical History, SeasonsAbstract
Objective: To identify risk factors for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children under 2 years of age in a hospital in Venezuela. Materials and methods: A prospective case-control study carried out at the “Santa Cruz” Clinic (Barquisimeto, Lara State, Venezuela), between January 2022 and December 2024, in which 58 cases with LRTI by RSV were compared with 116 controls with LRTI negative for RSV in children under 2 years of age. The number of monthly cases was related to monthly precipitation in the years of the study. In univariate and bivariate analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were produced by using Spearman’s correlation, Pearson’s ꭓ2, Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic regression. Results: Factors significantly associated with LRTI by RSV were prematurity, lack of breastfeeding, daycare attendance and family history of asthma. Identified risk factors for LRTI by RSV were lack of breastfeeding (OR=3,94; CI95%: 1,07 – 14,54; p = 0,04), and family history of asthma (OR=2,89; CI95%: 1,20 – 6,97; p = 0,02). There was no significant correlation between the number of monthly cases with monthly precipitation (r = –0,06; p = 0,86). Conclusion: Lack of breastfeeding and family history of asthma were identified as risk factors for LRTI by RSV. No correlation was determined between the number of monthly cases of LRTI by RSV and monthly precipitation.
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