Imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of aortic coarctation in a pediatric patient: A case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58597/rpe.v5i1.139Keywords:
Coartación Aórtica, Implantación de Stent, Cateterismo Cardiaco Terapéutico, Tomografía Helicoidal Computarizada, Angiografía DigitalAbstract
Aortic coarctation (AoCo) is a congenital heart disease characterized by a narrowing of the aorta, typically distal to the left subclavian artery. Without timely diagnosis and treatment, this narrowing can cause severe complications in pediatric patients, such as hypertension, intracranial hemorrhage, aortic dissection, and left ventricular hypertrophy. This is a clinical case of an adolescent female patient diagnosed with AoCo who presented with symptoms of high blood pressure, exertional dyspnea, and headache. The initial evaluation was performed using medical imaging, such as Doppler echocardiography and computed tomography, which allowed the anatomy of the aorta, coarctation site, and collateral vessels to be defined. Following precise measurements of the aortic arch, cardiac catheterization with stent implantation at coarctation site was performed to restore the aortic lumen. The evolution of computed tomography angiography has led to significant advances in the field of congenital heart disease, with low-dose radiation protocols and shorter acquisition times, which are essential for pediatric patients. Likewise, therapeutic cardiac catheterization (interventional cardiology) is a less invasive procedure that allows both balloon angioplasty and stent placement.
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