Prevalence of malocclusions in children and adolescents at a reference pediatric institute in Peru

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malocclusions in patients aged 8 to 17 years old treated at the Servicio de Ortodoncia y Ortopedia Maxilar of Instituto Nacional De Salud del Niño (INSN) during 2019-2021. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study, whose data were collected from 283 medical records of pediatric patients who attended the INSN dental service. A data collection form was used considering the sociodemographic variables and type of malocclusion during execution; bivariate tests were applied for the exploratory analysis. Results: 51.9% of the patients was male and the median age was 11 (9-13) years. The prevalence with Angle class I malocclusion was 31.5%, class II-1 was 25%, and class II-2 was 10.6%; class III occurred in 32.9%. Female patients expressed a higher frequency of class II malocclusions (41.2%), and male patients expressed a higher prevalence of class III malocclusions (32.9%). An association was only found with the patient’s age and the type of malocclusion (p = 0.046). Conclusions: Malocclusions of class III and I were most frequent in children and adolescents.